Pigs Eating Mash Milk and Apples Animal Farm Clip Art

Editor'due south note: The content on this page was written specifically for farmers in Nepal. While much of the information volition be applicative elsewhere, please exist aware that every country has its own rules regarding feeding animals, eastward.g. nutrient waste matter. You must ensure your practices are in line with official regulations in your own region.

Skilful feed is necessary for growth, trunk maintenance and the production of meat and milk. You tin can utilize locally available feeds that are less expensive, merely can be nutritionally complete when properly prepared. In fact, pigs tin can be fed well using simply kitchen scraps from a family'south household. The nutritional needs of pigs can be divided into six categories or classes. These are water, carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins and minerals.

What can you feed your grunter?

Commercially prepared swine rations from grain, fruit and vegetable from markets

Vegetable, fruit or staff of life scraps that have been not in contact with animate being products or past-products if they are properly cooked.

Eatery leftovers, food transporter and disposers of food waste matter products if they are properly cooked.

Forest Products including wild vegetables, wild bananas, wild cola – cassia, yam, provender grasses etc. if they are properly cooked.

Booze distilling residues: local alcohol tin exist made from millet, rice, maize, sweet murphy, assistant, etc. if they are properly cooked.

What you shouldn't feed to your sus scrofa

Whatsoever meat products: includes pies, sausage rolls, bacon and cheese rolls, pizza, salami and other delicatessen meats and table scraps without proper cooking and screening.

Any carcass or role of a carcass of any mammal or bird (raw and uncooked). This includes any meat claret, offal, hide or feathers. Pigs that feed on carcasses are too at risk of contracting diseases that are contagious to humans.

Whatsoever fish products and basic.

The excreta (droppings) of any mammal or bird

Any substance that has come into contact with a prohibited substance via collection, storage or ship in a contaminated container, such equally meat trays and take away food containers.

Household, commercial or industrial waste, which includes restaurant waste matter that hasn't been properly cooked and screened.

Formulation feed

Creep feed

Creep Feed is the baby piglets' get-go and most important dry food. Information technology contains 20% protein that is highly fortified with milk by-products and is available in small, chewable, highly palatable pellets for piece of cake digestion.
A combination of protein source, milk replacer, vitamins, amino acids and rich feed ingredients makes this complete feed the ideal start for young healthy piglets.
Feed ingredients in descending gild: corn, soya bean meal, barley, wheat bran, vegetable protein, oilseeds extracts, fatty acids, feed phosphate, pig vitamins, and trace minerals.
Pitter-patter feed (about 20g per piglet per 24-hour interval) or a good home-made mixture with fine rice bran, cleaved rice and milled maize grains. Clean drinking h2o must e'er exist bachelor.

Feeds should see the animal'south needs for maintenance, growth and reproduction. Skillful pig feed contains sufficient free energy, protein, minerals and vitamins. Rice bran, broken rice, maize, soya-beans, cassava, vegetables and distillers' residues are often used in pig feed.

Distillery waste is much appreciated in traditional sus scrofa husbandry, especially for pigs. Information technology is advisable, however, not to give this high valued feed to pregnant and lactating sows or to piglets and weaners, merely because of the booze content in the waste.

Rice Bran: This is very suitable for hog feeding. It contains eleven% poly peptide and can be used as the main ingredient in most feeds. Rice bran can be mixed with other feeds to 30 - 45%. Even so, information technology can be kept for no longer than i month because it volition get mouldy.

Broken Rice: This is also very suitable for pig feeding. It can be mixed with other feeds up to fifteen - 20%. Broken rice contains near 8% protein.

Maize: Thisis a very proficient animal feed. It contains upward to 65% carbohydrates and 9% protein. Information technology can be mixed and cooked with other feeds, only not more than 40% in the mix ration

Soybeans: This is a crop that has a high nutritional value and is very practiced for pig feeding. It contains 38% poly peptide (very high), and should exist dried, milled, or well cooked in combination with other feedstuffs like rice bran, broken rice and maize.

Wheat Bran: Thisis particularly rich in dietary fibre and contains significant quantities of carbohydrate, protein, vitamins, and minerals. Wheat Bran is widely used equally a major component in beast feed. Information technology contains Protein 14% - 16%, Fat Max. 9.5%, Crude Fibre 8 - 10% and carbohydrate up to 25%.

Ipil: Leucaena and Acacia are traditional, locally available tree-crops, and the leaves are rich in protein. After drying, they tin exist mixed and fed to pigs with other feeds.

Root Crops: Thesecan be mixed with other feeds up to around 10 - 20% (never more thirty%). First, the crop should be peeled and washed and so sliced, stale and ground before utilize. It should not be fed to pigs as raw cassava with the skin, due to the toxic substances present. The sliced and dried cassava can be kept for longer.

Fruits: Fruits damaged during transportation, storage and handling are used equally supplementary feeds for pigs by boiling and mixing with other feed such every bit rice bran, broken rice and maize. They can also be given fresh. Suitable fruits include: bananas, papaya, apples, pears, and melons.

Vegetables: Vegetables damaged during transportation, storage and handling are also used equally supplementary feeds for pigs by boiling and mixing with other feeds such equally rice bran, broken rice and maize. They can besides exist given fresh. Suitable vegetables include: cabbage, lettuce, spinach, morning time glory, sugariness potato vine, cola-cassia (needs boiling), pumpkin, guords, and water hyacinth.

Green Soya bean plant: A reach source of vegetable protein.

Cola-cassia/Pandalu: Leaves and stems are quite a good local protein resources for pigs. Leaves contribute 20% of the dietary dry matter and 46% of the crude protein after cooking. It is as well a rich source of calcium, phosphorus, iron, Vitamin C, thiamine, riboflavin and niacin, which are important constituents of a pig'due south diet. The fresh tuber has almost 20% dry out matter, while the fresh petiole has only about half-dozen% dry matter. Leaves and stems take a good composition with loftier crude protein content (16.51-18.20 % DM basic), and are used as local protein resource for pig production.

Chayote: Both the fruit (vegetable) and the seed are rich in amino acids and vitamin C, potassium, phosphorus and calcium. Fruit is very low in calories (12 calories per 100 thousand on boilerplate), and chayote contains 0.5% poly peptide, 0.2% lipids and 2% sugars.

Banana Stem: The best way of feeding fresh greenish banana or plantain fruits is to chop them and sprinkle some salt on the slices since the fruits are very low in organic nutrients. Cattle and pigs relish this material. For ensiling purposes, the chopped green bananas or plantains are preferred to the ripe fruits which lose some of their dry thing and, in item, their sugars during ensiling. Similarly, light-green fruits are more hands dried than ripe fruits which are very difficult to completely dehydrate.

Pumpkin: Pumpkin is a good source of the vitamin B grouping, while a big proportion of these vitamins is lost during the grooming of the poly peptide concentrate and isolates.

Bottle gourd: At that place are important nutritional values in 100 grams of bottle gourd, such equally:

Energy - 12 kacl
Moisture - 96g
Protein - little
Fat - little
Carbohydrates - 2g
Fibre - 1g
Calcium - 20mg
Iron - trivial
Phosphorus - 10 mg

Wintertime melon (Wax Gourd, White Gourd, Ash Gourd): The Wintertime Melon is a very large gourd that tin can grow to up to 50lbs or more. It develops a waxy coating when it matures. Unopened, the wintertime melon can typically be stored for upward to 12 months, but after it is cut open, it can only be stored for a unmarried week.

It contains very low Saturated Fatty and Cholesterol, and is likewise a skillful source of Thiamin, Iron, Magnesium and Manganese, and a very good source of Dietary Fibre, Vitamin C, Riboflavin, Zinc, and is very loftier in Sodium.

Clover: Clover's sodium content is around 0.05%. Crude poly peptide levels in the dry matter are around 25%. Phosphorus is 0.three%, and dry out thing digestibility is up to 75%.

Stylo: Stylo is rich in protein, and its DCP levels range from 17 - 24% in green leaf and 6 - 12% in the stem. It grows well in poor soil and can exist fed directly to pigs without being cooked (different forest plants).

Alfalfa: Althoughlow in fibre, alfalfa is palatable to pigs as well as beingness easily digestible. It is the best nutritional bundle y'all tin put into the rations you use to feed your livestock, dairy cattle, poultry or pigs. It also contains a blend of 47 nutritional elements, and provides one of nature'southward almost liberal balances of vitamins, minerals and amino acids.

Berseem: Information technology is very palatable and is relished past all livestock. In that location has never been a instance of bloat reported if accidentally given an excess corporeality. It contains xviii – 28% rough poly peptide.

Mulberry: The protein content 89 1000/kg dry thing in the fresh leaf of mulberry leaves is well utilized by growing pigs that are fed a basal diet of broken rice.

Traditional Feed Processing

Dissimilar feeds are mixed and boiled to make squealer feed more palatable. There are 2 types of traditional processing:

Mixing all the dissimilar feeds together (rice bran, broken rice, crushed maize and soya, dried legume leaves, etc.) in proportion and giving it direct to the pigs.

Cooking the different raw materials together to improve digestibility, and to breakdown toxins from some feeds such as raw cola-cassia, banana stalk, maize and soya grains, beans, kitchen waste, forage crops, and like.
Food Waste Feeding to Swine is too commonly known equally Garbage Feeding or Swill. Food waste or garbage fed to swine must be cooked and sterilized properly.

Feeding Forest Products

Pig feed can also be prepared with forest products (wild vegetables, wild bananas, wild cola – cassia etc). At the same time, food waste material tin exist used too. Currently, growing legumes as feed for hamlet sus scrofa product is having a large impact on the livelihoods of rural families in Nepal.

Feeding Alcohol Distilling Residues

Local alcohol can exist made from millet, rice, maize, sugariness potato, bananas, and similar. Most popular for hog feeding is distillery wastes from millet. Information technology should exist mixed with other feeds such every bit rice bran and broken rice/maize.

Distillers' residues tin be fed to fattening pigs, simply not to pregnant or lactating sows. Yet, these animals require a high quality of feed and therefore distillery waste matter needs to be replaced by other high quality feed such every bit commercial feeds.

The post-obit mixing ratio is usually used in combination with distillery waste: Rice bran/Wheat bran (2 kg), broken rice (1 kg), and Distillers' residues (5-10 kg) and other locally available agricultural past-products.

Local alcohol tin can be made from millet, rice, maize, sweet potato, yam (Phul Tarul), banana, etc. Most popular for pig feeding is distillery waste matter from millet and rice, protein content ranged from 17 to 33% (mean of 23%) in dry affair footing. It should be mixed with other feeds such equally rice bran, wheat bran, maize/millet flour, and broken rice etc.

Distillers' residues tin can be fed to fattening pigs, but not to pregnant or lactating sows. Yet, these animals crave high quality of feed and therefore distillery waste needs to exist replaced by other loftier quality feed like commercial feeds.

Daily Feed Requirements

Dry/pregnant Sows and Gilts: Dry sows and gilts require two.5kg a day of sow and weaner meal. Requite an extra 1kg/24-hour interval one week before serving gilts and sows and one week subsequently service. Give lactating sows two.5 kg a day of sow and weaner meal for maintenance and 0.25 kg a day extra for each piglet existence suckled.
Boars: Requite boars 2.0 kg a day. If the boar is regularly used increase this to two.5 kg.
Piglets: Give creep pellets 0.5 - i.0 kg a day from twenty-four hour period 7 upwards to weaning fourth dimension (21 days) per piglet. The feed should exist mixed with sow and weaner meal the last 1 week earlier weaning.
Feeding of Growing and Finishing pigs: Pigs weaned at 3 - 5 weeks of 11 - 13 kg torso weight should continue beingness fed on the starter nutrition until they attain 18 kg live weight. Pigs weaned at seven weeks or older may be switched gradually to sow and weaner nutrition.

For growing or finishing pigs all ration changes should be made gradually. If this is not possible the feeding level of the new diet should be depression until the pigs become accepted to it.

Where postal service-weaning scours are a major problem, restricted feeding during the first calendar week afterward weaning may reduce the incidents of scours.

For treatment in example of an outbreak of scouring, medication through drinking water is preferable since sick pigs go off feed.

_{NB: When feeding animals any sudden changes can lead to loss of production. Thus feed changes should be equally gradual every bit possible.}

Feeder Trough Size

The feeding trough should exist firmly anchored to the flooring to preclude overturning and wasting of feed. The size of the feeding trough for dissimilar ages and purposes is given in the table below.

Good pig ambition is important. Pigs will eat more than fresh clean feed than feed that is contaminated, stale or moldy. To ensure proper intake of nutrition make clean feed troughs daily. Sufficient feeder space is necessary, so that each pig can swallow what information technology wishes every day. On many farms feed waste is 15% or more, but information technology should be avoided as much possible.

Pigs must as well be fed on time, since information technology makes them familiar to the feeding regime. Pigs need to be fed according to their sizes and ages. Troughs must exist anchored and then they cannot be turned over.

Drinkers

The feeding trough tin also exist used to supply h2o. At big farms automatic drinkers are used (called bowls or nipples).

All pigs demand sufficient clean drinking h2o.

A pregnant sow requires 10 - 12 litres of h2o per day.
A lactating sow requires 20 – xxx litres of water per twenty-four hour period.
A growing grunter requires 6 - 8 liters of water per day.
A boar requires 12 - 15 liters of water per day.

By not providing enough water for your pigs yous will reduce their daily feed intake. Ample clean h2o must be available for your pigs to drink at all times.

Also of Interest:

How to Farm Pigs - Health Problems
How to Subcontract Pigs - Housing

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